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Cod liver is a very nutrient-dense product: rich in fat, omega-3, and vitamins A and D. For example, John West canned cod liver lists 14 g of omega-3 per 100 g, as well as vitamins A, D, and B; the composition is 99% cod liver and salt.
The main benefit is EPA/DHA omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for the cardiovascular system, inflammatory balance, brain, and eyes. The NIH/NCCIH specifically states that fish liver oil, including cod liver oil, contains EPA and DHA, as well as vitamins A and D. Vitamin D is beneficial for the immune system, bones, and muscles, especially in the Netherlands, where sunlight is scarce. Vitamin A is important for vision, skin, immunity, and mucous membranes.
